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If an offshore oil well worth tens of thousands of billions of dong had a problem because of just a few centimeters of error when drilling, do you believe that the entire project could be lost after many years of preparation?
On June 17, 2026, the topic of offshore oil drilling technology continued to attract great attention from the international oil and gas community when images simulating the drilling process through the seabed were widely shared on technical forums. Behind every barrel of oil exploited is a complex technological system combining geology, mechanics, automation, artificial intelligence and thousands of engineers working continuously in the middle of the ocean.
From the sea surface, the drill must penetrate the water column hundreds to thousands of meters deep before reaching the seabed. After that, the system continues to drill through many different geological layers to find the oil and gas reservoir deep underground.
TABLE DESCRIPTION OF THE OFFSHORE DRILLING PROCESS
Phase Description
Drilling through the water column A string of drilling rods is lowered from the rig to the seabed
Through the seabed Go through the subsea wellhead and sediment layers
Waitthrough rock strata Pass through shale, limestone, sandstone
Reservoir Access Reaches the oil and gas accumulation area
Well completion Install casing, exploitation equipment and safety system
TYPICAL GEOLOGICAL CROSS-SECTION
Geological strata Role
Shale Prevents fluid flow
Sandstone Common oil and gas reservoir
Limestone May contain oil and gas in fractures
Barrier rocks keep oil and gas from escaping upward
Oil and gas reservoir Main exploitation area
A modern deep water well can cost from 1,250 billion to more than 6,250 billion VND depending on depth, location and geological conditions. Ultra-deep water projects in the Gulf of Mexico, Brazil or Guyana even cost more than VND 12,500 billion for an exploration well.
COST ESTIMATE SHEET
Value Category
Shallow water exploration well About 1,250 billion to 2,500 billion VND
Deep water well About 3,750 billion to 6,250 billion VND
Modern jack-up drilling rig Over VND 2,500 billion
New generation deep water drilling ship Can exceed 15,000 billion VND
One of the biggest challenges is the extremely high pressure underground. At a depth of several thousand meters, the pressure can be hundreds of times greater than atmospheric pressure. Just by miscalculating the density of drilling fluid, oil and gas can erupt, causing serious accidents.
NhWith the development of positioning technology, real-time sensors and digital geological models, the success rate of modern wells has improved significantly compared to a few decades ago.
In Vietnam, offshore fields such as Bach Ho, Rong, Su Tu Den, Su Tu Vang and many new gas power projects are playing an important role in ensuring national energy security. Vietnamese petroleum engineers have now mastered many complex drilling and exploitation technologies on the continental shelf.
QUICK SUMMARY
Value Index
Current exploitation water depth is over 3,000 m
Well depth can exceed 10,000 m
The cost of a deep water well is more than 6,250 billion VND
Drilling time From several weeks to many months
The value of exploited oil and gas can reach tens of thousands of billions of dong
Offshore oil drilling is more than just putting a drill bit into the ground. It is a technological conquest in the middle of the ocean, where every meter of drilling is a combination of science, experience and decisions worth billions of dong.
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