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If the pressure control system on the rig stops working for just a few minutes, could an incident cause tens of trillions of dong in damage and threaten the marine environment for many years?
When viewed from afar, many people think an offshore drilling rig is simply a giant steel structure standing in the middle of the ocean. In fact, it is the most complex technical system in the world, designed to control pressure thousands of meters underground and safely exploit oil and gas.
An offshore oil well can be from a few thousand to more than 10,000 meters deep from the sea surface to the hydrocarbon reservoir. The pressure here is large enough to destroy the device if not controlled correctly.
Structure of the rig's pressure control system
Component Main function
Derrick and Top Drive Generate force to lift and rotate the drill rod
Drill String Transmits force from the rig face to the drill bit
Mud Pumps High pressure drilling fluid pumps
Mud Circulation System Circulates drilling fluid
Blowout Preventer BOP Safety barrier against blowout
Marine Riser Connects the rig to the seabed
Subsea Wellhead Interface point with subsea oil well
Why is drilling fluid so important?
Many people believe that the drill bit is the most important piece of equipment. In fact, new drilling fluidis the "blood" of the entire system.
Drilling fluid performs many tasks simultaneously
✅ Cool the drill bit
✅ Bring drilling mud to the ground
✅ Stabilizes well walls
✅ Balance reservoir pressure
✅ Prevent oil and gas from spraying freely
A deepwater drilling rig can circulate thousands of cubic meters of solution per day with operating costs of up to hundreds of millions of dong per hour.
Solution circulation cycle
Stage Description
Pump down the Mud Pump well to create pressure
Go through the Cooling drill and break the ice
Bring up the drilling mud along the ring space
Solids Separation Through Shale Shaker
Reusable treatment Return to tank
BOP is a device known as the “last gatekeeper”
Blowout Preventer or BOP is a giant valve system located on the seabed.
When abnormal pressure or risk of blowout is detected, BOP can seal the well in just a few seconds.
The world's most famous incident was the Deepwater Horizon disaster in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, when a series of well control and operational errors led to an explosion that killed 11 people and spilled millions of barrels of oil into the ocean.
After this disaster, global BOP standards were drastically upgraded.
Cost of investing in a modern drilling rig
Category Estimated value
Jack-Up jack-up rig 2,500 to 6,500 billion VND
Semi-Submersible submarine platform 12,000 to 25,000 billion VND
New generation Drillship 15,000 to 40,000 billion VND
Deep water BOP system 500 to 2,500 billion VND
Illustration of investment scale
️ Modern deep water drilling rig
Value is about 20,000,000,000,000 VND
️ High-end BOP system
Clause valueg 1,500,000,000,000 VND
⚙️ Solution circulatory system
Value hundreds of billions of VND
This is why the oil and gas drilling industry is always considered a combination of precision mechanics, automation, geology, materials technology and industrial safety.
A successful well is not just about drilling to the oil and gas reservoir. Real success is controlling pressure, protecting people, protecting the environment and bringing energy sources safely to the ground.
In the middle of the vast ocean, each drilling rig is essentially a high-tech center that silently operates 24/7 to keep the balance between underground pressure and the energy needs of the entire global economy.
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